Rules and Etiquette on Taking Photos in Japan

Is Street Photography Legal in Japan?

Yes and no.

Legally speaking, taking photos of people specifically without their permission can infringe on their right to privacy and can be considered a civil offense if there is proof that it damaged them in some way, including mental distress. It is also culturally frowned upon in Japan.

However, with the Japanese constitution guaranteeing the right to freedom of expression, it is legal to take photos in and of public spaces such as public roads, beaches, parks, or places where people can freely come and go like restaurants and shopping malls. That said, keep in mind that as there is no clear definition of a public space in Japanese law, common sense is generally used by the court to determine this case by case. Always be careful to not trespass on private property, whether it is private land or a building.

According to the Japan Society for Digital Archive’s guidelines for taking photos in public spaces without getting permission, the best practices are:

・When focusing on a specific subject, avoid taking photos from the front with their face completely visible. 

・Avoid photos that might show the subject in a negative context.

・Street photography is usually not a problem when photographing a large crowd without a specific focus on any individual.

・It is also usually okay to take photos/film performances in public places.

What About Commercial Use?

The above doesn’t apply, if you are planning to use the photos and videos you took for commercial works such as advertising, images on products, video games, movies, and monetized or sponsored social media content. If you use someone’s image in a commercial work without their permission, they can sue for damages and will likely win. 

How to Ask For Permission to Take Photos in Japanese

An easy way to ask whether taking pictures is allowed or not is: “Sumimasen, shashin o totte mo ii desu ka?” which means “Excuse me, can I take a picture / can I take a picture of you?”

A valid alternative to memorizing this is using a translation or interpretation app such as Oyraa which is available in over 153 languages and offers 24-hour connection to interpreters from all over the world.

tsunagu Japan readers can receive a special discount on Oyraa! Simply enter the code: TJEN  when signing up, and you’ll get 10% off your first use!

You can easily download the Oyraa app from the App Store or Google Play using the links below:

App Store: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/oyraa-on-call-interpretation/id1294006073?ign-mpt=uo%3D4

Google Play: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.app.oyraa&pli=1

Photography Signs in Japan

The Japanese word for “no photography” is “satsuei kinshi” (撮影禁止). So, if you hear this or see the kanji characters, it means that taking photos is prohibited in that area. There will usually also be a picture of a camera with a line through it if photography is not permitted. If photography is allowed, you may see a sign with “satsuei kanou” (撮影可能) or a picture of a camera with “OK” written together.

Signs for selfie sticks and/or tripods might display the image of a camera or phone on a tripod / selfie stick / monopod with a line through it, together with the kanji “sankyaku kinshi” (三脚禁止) for tripods. A sign prohibiting the use of selfie sticks and monopods might come together with the words “jidoribo kinshi” (自撮り棒) or “ikkyaku kinshi” (一脚禁止).

If flash photography is not allowed, you’ll often see the image of a camera using flash with a line through it and the kanji “furasshu satsuei kinshi” (フラッシュ撮影禁止).

Can You Take Photos at These Locations in Japan?

Shrines and Temples

Rules regarding photography in the precincts of Japanese shrines and temples vary from location to location. You can check the official website in advance or look for signage marking off-limit areas and prohibiting the use of tripods and selfie sticks on the day of your visit. Panels stating the location's rules regarding photography can often be found by the entrance too.

When visiting shrines and temples, it is often prohibited to take photos of certain Buddhist statues and other sacred objects. Also, the center of the approach is considered “the path of the gods,” and the correct etiquette is to walk on the side of the approach (not in the middle) and take photos from a slight angle.

Finally, be considerate of priests, monks, and worshippers, and know that photos might be forbidden during prayers or other religious ceremonies. If you’re not sure, either ask or refrain.

Matsuri (Japanese Festivals)

For “matsuri” Japanese festivals, public events, and demonstrations, taking photos of the crowd or the scenery is normally not considered a violation of privacy. Just remember not to disturb other spectators’ viewing experiences.

Normally, you cannot enter the performance space to take photos, and it is best to avoid tripods and selfie sticks as you could end up bumping yourself or those around you. If you really want to take photos of a specific subject, ask for permission firstーfestival goers usually happily agree to a couple of shots!

Restaurants and Shops

Very few restaurants in Japan have policies against taking photos of your food. The only rule is to be mindful of other patrons and the staff. So, rest assured, in most cases, you’ll be able to bring memories of your Japanese gourmet adventures back home!

Rules regarding photography in stores and malls vary by location. Some display signage inviting you to take photos and upload them on social media, while others ask you to inform the staff or do not permit photos at all. This is particularly true for shops selling original character goods and art. When no signage is in sight, the safest thing to do is ask the staff and be considerate of your surroundings.

Music Venues and Concerts

In Japan, the majority of music venues and concert halls forbid taking photos, videos, and audio recordings, even when performances are held outdoors. Usually, announcements regarding photography and recording rules are made before the beginning of the performance, and violations come with the risk of getting kicked out from the venue. In recent years, some artists have started allowing people to take photos and videos of only some of their songs. If this is the case, you’ll be instructed accordingly during the concert.

Museums and Exhibitions

Many museums in Japan restrict photography, especially flash photography and the use of tripods and selfie sticks. There are several reasons behind these policies, including copyright issues, preservation of the artwork, and the concern that camera gear might interfere with others’ viewing experiences. An example is the famous Ghibli Museum in Tokyo, which prohibits taking photos and videos in all inside areas, while allowing them in outside areas such as the facade, garden, and rooftop.

Exhibitions, especially of manga and anime, usually do not permit photos of the original artwork and artistic material, but they often have dedicated areas or photo spots where you can take commemorative photos and videos.

Public Transportation

Japan has no particular prohibition on photographing and filming trains and stations as long as there are no safety issues and inconveniences to other passengers. When photographing trains, refrain from any actions that may disrupt operations, such as using flash, ladders, tripods, and selfie sticks, or taking photos in restricted areas. Also, be careful to avoid focusing on individual commuters. Station staff and conductors are on duty, so it’s also best not to take photos of them unless you get permission from them.

Residential Areas

Generally, there is no problem to photograph street views of Japan, including pictures of the exterior of a house from a public road. You should avoid taking photos of the inside of the property or house, as this could be considered as disclosing someone's private living space and a violation of their privacy.

But what about places that look abandoned or dilapidated such as "haikyo" and "akiya”? Buildings in Japan are legally private property even if they look abandoned, are in the midst of an ownership dispute, or the heir has not been found. Trespassing has both legal and safety risks, so the only legitimate way to explore one is to get permission from the owner. It is completely legal though to take photos of the exterior from a public road outside the premises. Just be careful not to get in the way of people passing by.

People You Should Avoid Taking Pictures Of in Japan

Children

During your time in Japan, you’ll likely see kids going around town or on trains in their extremely cute school uniforms. As unique of a sight as it may be, don’t reach for your camera. Not only could taking photos of children be considered a violation of their privacy, but it is particularly frowned upon in Japan and might even end up being reported to the police. 

Geisha

If you are visiting Kyoto and happen to see a real geisha or maiko walking down its picturesque streets, you'll probably want to photograph herーbut please refrain from doing so. Geisha are working artists and when they wear their gorgeous kimono, they are often in a hurry heading to a banquet, so visitors shouldn’t stop them, take photos where you can clearly see their faces, or chase them around with cameras or smartphones.

There are actually various ways to respectfully photograph geisha, such as at events and festivals where they perform, or by attending a photo session. The Kamishichiken geisha district, for example, holds a tea ceremony event every February 25th during the Baikasai Plum Blossom Festival, while geisha from the Miyagawacho district take part in the Setsubun celebrations at Yasaka Shrine every year. Another event is the “Hanagasa Junko” procession which is part of the Gion Matsuri, where you can view geisha from different districts up close.

Even when photos of geisha are permitted, it is good manners to refrain from using tripods and selfie sticks, as they might obstruct traffic in the narrow streets of the geisha districts.

If you don’t want to miss the chance of meeting a geisha, join the "Meet a Geisha in Kyoto: Enjoy Exclusive Geisha Show in Gion" tour. During the tour, you’ll get to drink matcha tea prepared by geisha and admire a live performance showcasing their dance and instrument-playing skills. At the end of the performance, you’ll even be able to take a couple of shots and videos of the geisha as well as take a commemorative group photo together with them!

Maid Cafes

If you are planning to enjoy Japanese pop culture by visiting a maid cafe during your trip to Japan, you should note that taking photos of the maids (even those you meet on the streets) and sometimes even of the cafe interior is not allowed. However, snapping a couple of pictures of the cute dishes you’ve ordered is usually fine. Maid cafes normally charge an extra fee for those wanting commemorative photos, so ask the staff and they will happily guide you through the experience!

Cosplayers

Your best chance of taking photos of cosplayers in Japan is at one of the many dedicated cosplay events like those organized by Acosta, where you can purchase a specific “cameraman ticket.”

At most events, you have to line up to photograph, and it is considered good manners to finish the shoot within the time limit. Some events may restrict videography or certain kinds of photography equipment, so make sure you check the official website in advance. Also, taking photos while waiting in line is generally not permitted. Finally, it is good to greet and get permission from the cosplayer to both take the photos and upload them on social media, and show the photos to them once the shoot is over. In most cases, cosplayers will introduce their accounts and ask you to send them the photos.

Street Fashion Photos

The above also applies to fashion street photography in Japanーmake sure to ask for permission to take photos and upload them on any social platforms. If they’re active in their fashion community, they might provide their social media handle so that you can tag them. Also, please remember that you should avoid taking up a lot of time because they're typically on their way to do something!

Use of Selfie Sticks and Tripods in Japan

When it comes to photography gear, two pieces of equipment often found amongst vacation-goers are selfie sticks and tripods. From capturing a special memory in front of a famous Japanese landmark to photographing dimly-lit indoor scenes, both serve important functions in creating beautiful travel photos.

Unfortunately, being able to use a selfie stick or a tripod (including mini tripods and phone tripods) is not always an option in Japan, and even locations that allow photography might ban their use. In many popular Japanese tourist locations, you will find them prohibited due to the potential danger they pose. In a crowded area, a sudden turn could lead to a selfie stick to the face, while a carelessly placed tripod could send someone sprawling or even damage historical structures. This is especially true in small, confined indoor spaces such as temples, shrines, and museums.

Use of Drones in Japan

Planning to take some spectacular drone shots while in Japan? Hobbyist drone flights are allowed in Japan and, although a pilot license is not required, all drones weighing 100 grams or more need to be registered on the Unmanned Aircraft Registration Web Portal. Registered devices must also display a registration ID and be equipped with a remote ID function.

No-fly zones in Japan include densely populated areas, airports, any space 150 meters or more above ground level, and airspaces reserved for emergency action, making Tokyo and other big Japanese cities off-limits. Any person who intends to operate a drone in the aforementioned restricted areas must obtain permission from the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.

When operating a drone in Japan, it is essential to adhere to the following rules:

・Fly and operate drones in the daytime (do not fly at night).

・Do not operate drones under the influence of alcohol and drugs.

・Fly only after preflight checks to ensure the drone is in tip-top condition.

・Avoid collision hazards with airplanes and other drones.

・Do not operate drones in a careless or reckless manner.

・Only operate drones within your line of sight

・Keep at least a 30-meter operating distance between drones, people, or structures

・Do not operate drones over event sites.

・Do not transport hazardous materials or drop any object using drones.

Overtourism in Japan - Photography Restrictions in Popular Areas

In recent years, there has been controversy over a growing number of tourists not respecting photography rules and even trespassing into private properties just to take photographs. This has resulted in several countermeasures enforced by local governments. Here are a few popular spots that you may have thought of taking photos of before.

Mt. Fuji - Kawaguchiko Convenience Store (Yamanashi)

Thanks to its prime location with Mt. Fuji towering right behind, this Lawson convenience store down the road from Kawaguchiko Station became a social media sensation, with crowds of tourists flocking to the area to take shots of the iconic duo. In May 2024, an increasing number of people dangerously jay-walking, obstructing traffic, and trespassing led the local council to install a giant barrier in front of the convenience store to discourage people from visiting.

There are plenty of other magnificent vantage points where you can peacefully photograph the sacred mountain, so don’t risk causing nuisance to the locals and put public safety first!

Gion Geisha District (Kyoto)

Lined with many historical buildings, Gion is renowned for its quaint atmosphere reminiscent of old Japan. In recent years, you might have heard of controversies involving tourists roaming the area in search of geisha, tugging at their kimono, and chasing them around for a photo.

To combat overtourism and these unruly behaviors, a no-photography policy has been in place  in some areas of Gion since the end of 2019. In April 2024, the local government installed multilingual signs beside all of Gion’s private roads to warn people of their no-photography and no-trespassing policies. Unauthorized entry in private roads is punishable with a 10,000-yen fine.

Kamakura Kokomae Railway Crossing (Kanagawa)

Another area affected by overtourism is Kamakura, particularly the Kamakura Kokomae Railway Crossing which appears in the popular manga series Slam Dunk. With the sea as a backdrop and the picturesque Enoden Line passing through, it is an awe-inspiring sight, but the boom of tourists is yet again causing security risks, with people taking photos while standing on the road and trespassing on private property. To prevent these incidents, security guards were arranged by the Enoshima Electric Railway and the city, and the prefectural police now often patrol the area.

Shibuya Scramble Crossing (Tokyo)

Tokyo’s most famous crossing, Shibuya Scramble is another destination affected by overtourism. Although there are no specific restrictions in place yet, here are a couple of things you should keep in mind if you are planning to take photos of this popular landmark:

・When crossing, always keep an eye out for other people and vehicles in order to safely make your way from one side to another. 

・Stopping in the middle of the crossing or setting up tripods and other photography gear might get in the way of other pedestrians.

・It is advisable not to take too much time and stay aware of your surroundings.

Dazaifu Tenmangu Shrine (Fukuoka)

Dazaifu City in Fukuoka Prefecture is home to the popular Dazaifu Tenmangu Shrine. Steeped in history, the shrine and its picturesque approach lined with stores selling food and souvenirs attract an incredible amount of tourists, estimated to be 100 times the population of the entire city.

In June 2024, the local government decided to implement countermeasures to alleviate overtourism in the city, including setting a different fare for tourists using local buses and raising awareness on etiquette to respect when visiting the area. While no specific countermeasures have been made specifically for photography yet, we recommend trying to be as respectful as possible to avoid such a day from coming.